Hungary Work Permit Guide: Everything You Need to Know

If you're considering working in Hungary, it's important to understand the work permit process. Hungary, as a member of the European Union (EU), has specific requirements for non-EU citizens who wish to live and work there. Here's a comprehensive guide to help you navigate the Hungary work permit system.

Types of Work Permits in Hungary

There are several types of work permits depending on your nationality and employment situation:

  1. EU/EEA/Swiss Citizens:

    • Citizens of the European Union (EU), European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland do not require a work permit to work in Hungary.
    • They are free to work and live in Hungary without any restrictions.

  2. Non-EU Citizens:

    • Non-EU citizens must apply for a work permit before they can start working in Hungary. The process involves a few steps and depends on the type of job you’ll be doing.

Steps to Obtain a Work Permit for Non-EU Citizens

  1. Job Offer:

    • To apply for a work permit, you must have a job offer from a Hungarian employer. The employer must be willing to sponsor your work permit application.
    • The job must be in line with the regulations regarding labor shortages in Hungary.

  2. Labor Market Test:

    • The employer needs to prove that they cannot find a suitable candidate within the EU/EEA or Switzerland. This is usually done through a labor market test, which involves advertising the job within Hungary and the EU.
    • If no suitable candidates are found after a specific period, they can apply for a work permit for a non-EU citizen.

  3. Work Permit Application:

    • Once the labor market test is complete, the employer applies for the work permit at the Hungarian immigration office (National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing).
    • The application requires submission of documents like the job contract, proof of the labor market test, and proof that the applicant is qualified for the position.
    • The work permit is typically granted for a period of one year and can be extended if needed.

  4. Residence Permit for Work:

    • Once the work permit is approved, non-EU workers must apply for a residence permit for employment purposes. This permit allows them to stay in Hungary while working.
    • Applicants need to provide documents such as a passport, work permit, job contract, and proof of accommodation.
    • A medical exam and proof of sufficient financial resources may also be required.

  5. Visa (If Applicable):

    • If you're outside Hungary when applying for the work permit and residence permit, you may also need to apply for a national visa for work purposes. This allows you to enter Hungary while waiting for the residence permit.

Work Permit Categories for Non-EU Citizens

  1. General Work Permit:

    • This is for employees who will work in regular occupations. It is granted based on the criteria outlined in the labor market test.

  2. Highly Skilled Worker:

    • For individuals with specialized skills or higher education qualifications, such as engineers, doctors, or IT professionals.
    • These workers may be eligible for a streamlined process with fewer restrictions.

  3. Seasonal Work Permit:

    • A temporary work permit for workers involved in seasonal activities like agriculture, tourism, or hospitality.

  4. EU Blue Card:

    • A special work permit for highly skilled workers from outside the EU who have a job offer with a certain salary threshold. The Blue Card offers benefits like easier mobility within the EU.

Work Permit Processing Time

  • Processing Time: Typically, it takes about 30-60 days for the work permit to be processed, although this can vary depending on the complexity of the application and the workload of the immigration office.

Work Permit Fees

  • The fees for a work permit and residence permit may vary depending on the type of permit, the duration of stay, and the specific circumstances of the applicant. Fees can range from €50 to €300.

Taxation and Social Security in Hungary

  • Income Tax: Non-EU workers in Hungary are subject to the same tax rates as Hungarian citizens. The income tax rate is generally 15%.

  • Social Security Contributions: Employees are required to contribute to social security, including health insurance, pension, and unemployment insurance. These contributions are typically shared between the employer and the employee.

Rights and Benefits for Work Permit Holders

  • Work permit holders are entitled to the same labor rights as Hungarian employees, including the right to paid leave, sick leave, and protection against discrimination.

  • They are also allowed to bring immediate family members (spouse and children) to Hungary under certain conditions.

Permanent Residence and Citizenship

  • After living and working in Hungary for a certain number of years (usually 5 years), work permit holders may be eligible to apply for permanent residency.
  • Citizenship can be obtained after 8 years of continuous residence, with language proficiency and other requirements.

Key Takeaways

  • EU/EEA/Swiss citizens do not need a work permit to work in Hungary.
  • Non-EU citizens must obtain both a work permit and a residence permit before working in Hungary.
  • The employer plays a key role in the application process, including proving that no suitable EU candidate is available.
  • Work permits are typically valid for 1 year, with the option to extend.
  • Highly skilled workers and those in shortage occupations may have easier access to permits.
  • Family reunification is possible under certain conditions.